Close Search Close

 

  • Comics
  • Theatre
  • Site News

The one idea of A History Of Violence

If you're gonna do an idea, you might as well go all the way with it.

David Cronenberg’s A History of Violence has exactly one idea: The Man With A Dark Past. Tom Stall (Viggo Mortensen) is a cafe owner in a small town, and in a robbery ends up revealing a stunning capacity for violence. This is followed up by criminals who recognise Tom as ‘Joey’ and track him down, causing a spiral of violence – not just from the criminals, but from Tom’s family. The Man With A Dark Past is a classic genre element; examples range from Rick Blaine to Don Draper, and it’s something of a cliche in goofier genre works; think of the vampire Bill being haunted by his past in True Blood, and this being part of his sex appeal.

The interesting thing about A History of Violence is how it’s entirely about this concept. Western public education tends to emphasise the ‘central theme’ of a work; everyone who ever attended a public school in America, Australia, or England can attest to being made to read a classic work and articulate what it’s about. This isn’t the most helpful approach to criticism; it treats all works as propaganda, and even ones that are propaganda tend to have a denser collation of ideas, if only to support the work’s length. My own idiosyncratic approach tends to be more about articulating the processes and morality of characters and the author.

A History of Violence is different, though. This movie is entirely, completely about a single idea, with every scene being an expression of it. The sex scene between Tom and Edie is infamous for being one of the few mainstream representations of a 69 sexual position, but it’s also specifically setting up that they have a tender, intimate relationship built on mutual love, attraction, and trust. It makes it all the more horrifying when she later discovers he’s capable of some monstrous things; we wouldn’t care about their relationship tearing apart if there wasn’t a relationship to tear apart.

Obviously, that’s some basic story structure – I think of Back To The Future laying groundwork for the climax with some simple moves. But the individual details are so vivid and simple, and they tie up neatly into a more complex thematic statement. I think especially of Tom’s son Jack getting into a fight at school, and there’s no argument Tom can make that what he did was wrong – even if he was right, he’d look like a massive hypocrite.

A way of looking at it is that a Man with a Dark Past must, necessarily, have a Bright Present. It’s an artistically necessary contrast; a Man with a Dark Past and a Dark Present is boring and obvious. What’s a pleasant life for an American Midwestern Man to have? A wife, two kids, and a small business. How would these elements react to an American Midwestern Man having been a sadistic murderer? And to his sadistic murderer past surfacing again?

There are two kinds of stories I like. The first are ones dense with ideas – a potpourri of millions of ideas colliding (Tarantino movies are a useful example). The second are things like this, which take one idea and pull every possible concept out of it. Breaking Bad had “Mr Chips turns into Scarface”, and A History of Violence has the Man With A Dark Past. Cronenberg and screenwriter John Olson use a dramatic structure to wring out every aspect of the idea; Tom is forced to kill a man to protect his business, which draws the attention of his old colleagues (who he’s forced to kill), causes ripples in his personal life, and draws the attention of the baddest motherfuckers. Consequence has a way of pulling maximum depth out of an idea – characters do things and are forced to justify them, and sometimes find they can’t. 

In life, one must often pick between scope and intensity. Tarantino chose scope, Cronenberg chose intensity. I often hate when people justify the use of cliche on the basis that it can provide the groundwork for originality – that’s something usually said by people who want to sound like someone you should take advice from. The fact is that most cliches are used by people who just want to push the story forward with as little work as possible. Not everyone takes a cliche as something True, and will follow that Truth down whichever terrifying corridor it goes.

“Hey, when you dream, are you still Joey?”